The musical mode Ramakali is depicted as a lady offering a cup of milk to a snake which has coiled itself around a tree. Snakes are both feared and revered in India, and local snake (naga) cults are widespread. Often their propitiatory rites include offerings of milk. Here the noble lady pays her respects to the resident naga while seated comfortably on a carpet beside a stream.
Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 2nd February-22nd April 2012, Visions of Mughal India: The Collection of Howard Hodgkin, Andrew Topsfield, ed. (Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 2012), no. 58 on p. 140, pp. 18 & 19, illus. p. 141
Ragini
Raga (feminine ragini) are musical modes, often represented by compositions of ladies, lovers, warriors, animals or gods, in series of Ragamala ('Garland of Ragas') paintings, a very popular artistic genre in north India and the Deccan c. 1500 - 1800.
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